Infertility

Understanding infertility

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse (or 6 months if you are 35 or older). It affects both men and women equally. A diagnosis of infertility is not a dead end -- with the right evaluation and care, most couples are able to achieve pregnancy.

Causes of female infertility

• Ovulation disorders -- Conditions like PCOS can prevent regular ovulation
• Fallopian tube damage or blockage -- Often caused by prior infections or ectopic pregnancies
• Endometriosis -- Can affect the function of the ovaries, tubes, and uterus
• Uterine abnormalities -- Fibroids, polyps, or structural problems
• Diminished ovarian reserve -- Fewer eggs available, more common with age
• Early menopause

Infertility evaluation

• Blood tests -- To check hormone levels and ovarian reserve
• Diagnostic ultrasound -- To evaluate the uterus and ovaries
• Tubal patency evaluation (HSG) -- To check whether the fallopian tubes are open
• Laparoscopy -- To look for endometriosis or structural abnormalities
• Semen analysis -- To evaluate your partner's sperm

Treatment options

Lifestyle modifications

Achieving a healthy weight, reducing stress, improving nutrition, and eliminating smoking can significantly improve fertility outcomes.

Ovulation induction

Oral medications like Clomid or Letrozole stimulate ovulation in women who are not ovulating regularly.

Surgery

Minimally invasive surgery can remove scar tissue, endometriosis, fibroids, or polyps interfering with conception.

Referral to reproductive specialist

For cases requiring advanced therapies such as IVF or IUI, the team provides referrals to trusted reproductive endocrinologists.