Menopause

Understanding menopause

Menopause marks the end of your menstrual cycles. It is officially diagnosed after you have gone 12 consecutive months without a period. The transition to menopause -- called perimenopause -- often begins years before your final period. During perimenopause, you can still get pregnant, so birth control remains important until your provider confirms you have passed your point of fertility.

Symptoms of perimenopause and menopause

• Hot flashes and night sweats
• Sleep disturbances -- Difficulty falling or staying asleep, often worsened by night sweats
• Vaginal dryness and discomfort -- Including pain during intercourse
• Mood changes -- Irritability, anxiety, low mood, or depression
• Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
• Weight gain, especially around the abdomen
• Loss of libido
• Urinary incontinence or urgency

Long-term health considerations

After menopause, declining estrogen levels increase the risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and urinary incontinence. The team monitors and manages these concerns as part of your ongoing care.

Treatment and management

Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy is the most effective treatment for hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood symptoms. It is available as oral tablets, patches, creams, gels, vaginal rings, and pellets. The team works with you to find the right type, dose, and delivery method.

Non-hormonal options

For women who cannot or prefer not to use hormone therapy, non-hormonal medications, vaginal moisturizers, and lifestyle modifications can provide meaningful relief.